Does Facilitating Human–Place Bonds Alleviate the Negative Effects of Incivilities on Health?

The present study has two purposes—methodological and theoretical. methodological purpose is to examine a method for the analysis of perceived incivilities health in urban neighbourhoods. current investigates direct indirect relationships between variables. theoretical measure neighbourhood incivility as second-order latent variable that represents physical social incivilities, place identity attachment mediators relationship health. Previous research focused on single dimension incivility. By contrast, considers multidimensional form This quantitative comprises 265 residents from an Penang, Malaysia. results structural equation modelling suggest perceptions towards play mediating role mediation roles are also supported. Thus, facilitating human–place bonds alleviates negative effects neighbourhood. Residents less attached neighbourhoods socially physically deteriorated. reducing improving may enhance